Dermatographism is the most mutual type of urticaria, frequently presenting in young adults with the peak occurrence in the second and third decades. There has not been shown a relationship between race and dermatographism. One study of pediatric patients showed a female prevalence. One report cited a case of familial dermatographism.

Epidemiology and Pathophysiology

Hypereosinophilic syndrome is associated with atopic children and increases dermatographism; these are associated with atopic children and an increased number of eosinophils in the blood. One-third of patients that face the traumatic life events, along with psychological co-morbidities, experience dermatographism. Furthermore, worrying events like pregnancy (commonly in the second trimester) and the onset of menopause have seen a higher incidence of the condition. Behcet disease, a condition marked by oral and genital ulcers, is another disease where dermatographism is a mutual integumentary finding.

Symptomatic dermatographism is thought to be usually idiopathic, but several explanations have been considered. The higher consensus revolves around Helicobacter pylori, antibiotics such as penicillin, bites, or scabies as the more common presentations to suggest this correlation. Finally, congenital symptomatic dermatographism is the showing sign in systemic mastocytosis.

No finishing mechanism explains why dermatographism take place. Mechanical trauma stimulates vasoactive mediators released from mast cells secondary to antigen interaction to the bound IgE. This is thought to cause an exaggerated biological response known as the "triple response of Lewis." Primarily, the capillaries come to be dilated, producing a superficial erythematous phase. Next, an axon-reflex flare and communication to sensory nerve fibers leads an expansion of erythema, secondary to arteriolar dilation. Finally, the linear wheal is formed through fluid transudation. This entire response takes, up to 5 minutes after an external stimulus stroking of the skin. The wheal can persist anywhere from 15 to 30 minutes, unlike the normal triple response of Lewis that subsides in under 10 minutes. Mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, bradykinin, heparin, kallikrein, and peptides such as substance P are all considered to play a role in this process.

Journal of Dermatology Research and Skin Care welcomes submissions via online submission system www.scholarscentral.org/submission/dermatology-research-skin-care.html or via email to the Editorial Office at manuscripts@alliedacademies.org

With Regards
Alex john
Editorial Assistant
Entomology, Ornithology & Herpetology: Current Research